Hedge Funds & Futures Trading Advisors

1) Identification and Preliminary Qualification 

  • BarclayHedge
  • MorningStar
  • TipRanks
  • Institutional Investor
  • Autumngold
  • Qualify the potential of the sectors traded
  • Qualify performance in up and down markets
  • Qualify distribution of profit and loss
  • Longevity of performance
  • Length of drawdowns from start to recovery
  • Make sure you understand the fee structure
  • Qualify liquidity

2) Hedge Funds – 46 categories – 5,614 Reporting

Convertible Arbitrage
Distressed Securities
Emerging Markets – Asia
Emerging Markets – Eastern Europe
Emerging Markets – Global
Emerging Markets – Latin America
Emerging Markets Equity – Asia
Emerging Markets Equity – Eastern Europe
Emerging Markets Equity – Global
Emerging Markets Equity – Latin America
Emerging Markets Fixed Income – Global
Equity – Long Bias
Equity – Long Only
Equity – Long/Short
Equity – Long/Short – Europe
Equity – Long/Short – Pacific Rim
Equity – Market Neutral
Event Driven
Fixed Income – Arbitrage
Fixed Income – Asset Backed Loans
Fixed Income – Asset-Backed/Insurance Linked Securities
Fixed Income – Convertible Bonds
Fixed Income – Diversified
Fixed Income – High Yield
Fixed Income – Long Only Credit
Fixed Income – Long Short Credit
Fixed Income – Mortgage Backed
Fund of Funds – Arbitrage
Fund of Funds – Distressed Securities/Event Driven
Fund of Funds – Diversified
Fund of Funds – Emerging Markets
Fund of Funds – Equities
Fund of Funds – Fixed Income
Fund of Funds – Less than $250M
Fund of Funds – Greater than $250M
Macro
Merger Arbitrage
Option Strategies
Multi-Strategy / Relative Value
Sector Specific – Metals & Mining
Sector Specific – Energy
Sector Specific – Farming
Sector Specific – Financial
Sector Specific – Health/Biotech
Sector Specific – Natural Resources
Sector Specific – Real Estate
Sector Specific – Technology

3) Futures Trading Advisors – 16 categories – 1,191 Reporting

FTA Programs Managing More Than $10 Million
FTA Programs Managing At least $1 Million But Under $10 Million
Agricultural Traders Managing more than $1 Million
Currency Traders Managing More Than $10 Million
Currency Traders Managing At least $1 Million But Under $10 Million
Discretionary Traders Managing More Than $10 Million
Discretionary Traders Managing At least $1 Million But Under $10 Million
Diversified Traders Managing More Than $10 Million
Diversified Traders Managing At least $1 Million But Under $10 Million
Financial/Metal Traders Managing More Than $10 Million
Financial/Metal Traders Managing At least $1 Million But Under $10 Million
Multi-Advisor Funds Managing more than $1 Million
Option Strategies Managing more than $1 Million
Short-Term Traders Managing more than $1 Million
Stock Index Traders Managing more than $1 Million
Systematic Traders Managing more than $1 Million

4) Hedge Funds & Commodity Pools (transparency disclosure can be an issue)

5) Managed Futures ( fully transparent and disclosed)

  • All Accounts are required to be segregated
  • Member firms 
  • Financial Safeguard System
  • Disclosure of trading Methodology
  • Positions and balance are available online at any time
  • Statements are emailed daily recapping positions, liquidating value and any trading activity
  • Monthly statements summarize all activity and end of month balance
  • Liquidity in portion or all is 2 to 48 hours in any major currency

6) Multi Manager Asset Allocation

7) Stay on top of industry developments

8) Information Request Forms

Regards,
Asset Investment Management
Contact


Privacy Notice

Disclosure

 

Qualified Eligible Participant (QEP) rule 4.7 of the Commodity Exchange Act.

A US citizen who owns at least $4,000,000 of securities and other investments excluding their primary residence. 

Has had an open account for at least six months with at least $400,000 for Securities & Futures trading. Current regulations require a brokerage statement(s) no older than 3 months for verification.

Or

A Non US citizen providing a W-8BEN and 4.7 non US acknowledgment, net worth excluding primary residence must meet or exceed $500,000, annual income $250,000 plus USD or major currency equivalent.  NON US QEP’s must have a minimum of 12 months of trading experience

Rule 4.7 Defined

QEPs are similar to, but not the same as, accredited investors. That is, they are considered sophisticated investors who understand the nature and risks of commodities trading and hedge funds. Accordingly, when funds allow only QEPs as investors they are involving only people who fully understand the nature and risks of the investment.

Why it Matters:

The Commodity Exchange Act of 1936 requires hedge fund managers to register as commodity pool operators (CPO) if their funds trade any commodity futures, contracts, or options. CPOs must comply with the Act’s disclosure requirements as well as those of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). If a hedge fund limits its investors only to qualified eligible participants (QEPs), the hedge fund may be able to obtain an exemption from several regulations the Commodity Exchange Act would impose.

Q.E.P. Rule 4.7 of the Commodity Exchange Act

Exemption from certain part 4 requirements for commodity pool operators with respect to offerings to qualified eligible persons and for commodity trading advisors with respect to advising qualified eligible persons.

This section is organized as follows: Paragraph
(a) contains definitions for the purposes of § 4.7; paragraph
(b) contains the relief available to commodity pool operators under § 4.7; paragraph
(c) contains the relief available to commodity trading advisors under § 4.7; paragraph
(d) concerns the Notice of Claim for Exemption under § 4.7; and paragraph
(e) addresses the effect of an insignificant deviation from a term, condition or requirement of § 4.7.

(a) Definitions. Paragraph
(a)(1) of this section contains general definitions, paragraph
(a)(2) of this section contains the definition of the term qualified eligible person with respect to those persons who do not need to satisfy the Portfolio Requirement and paragraph
(a)(3) of this section contains the definition of the term qualified eligible person with respect to those persons who must satisfy the Portfolio Requirement. For the purposes of this section:

(1) In general—
(i) Affiliate of, or a person affiliated with, a specified person means a person that directly or indirectly through one or more persons, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with the specified person.
(ii) Exempt account means the account of a qualified eligible person that is directed or guided by a commodity trading advisor pursuant to an effective claim for exemption under § 4.7.
(iii) Exempt pool means a pool that is operated pursuant to an effective claim for exemption under § 4.7.

(iv) Non-United States person means:
(A) A natural person who is not a resident of the United States;
(B) A partnership, corporation or other entity, other than an entity organized principally for passive investment, organized under the laws of a foreign jurisdiction and which has its principal place of business in a foreign jurisdiction;
(C) An estate or trust, the income of which is not subject to United States income tax regardless of source;

(D) An entity organized principally for passive investment such as a pool, investment company or other similar entity; Provided, That units of participation in the entity held by persons who do not qualify as Non-United States persons or otherwise as qualified eligible persons represent in the aggregate less than 10% of the beneficial interest in the entity, and that such entity was not formed principally for the purpose of facilitating investment by persons who do not qualify as Non-United States persons in a pool with respect to which the operator is exempt from certain requirements of Part 4 of the Commission’s regulations by virtue of its participants being Non-United States persons; and

(E) A pension plan for the employees, officers or principals of an entity organized and with its principal place of business outside the United States.

(v) Portfolio Requirement means that a person:
(A) Owns securities (including pool participation) of issuers not affiliated with such person and other investments with an aggregate market value of at least $2,000,000;
(B) Has had on deposit with a futures commission merchant, for its own account at any time during the six-month period preceding either the date of sale to that person of a pool participation in the exempt pool or the date that the person opens an exempt account with the commodity trading advisor, at least $200,000 in exchange-specified initial margin and option premiums for commodity interest transactions; or
(C) Owns a portfolio comprised of a combination of the funds or property specified in paragraphs (a)(1)(v)(A) and (B) of this section in which the sum of the funds or property includable under paragraph (a)(1)(v)(A), expressed as a percentage of the minimum amount required thereunder, and the amount of futures margin and option premiums includable under paragraph (a)(1)(v)(B), expressed as a percentage of the minimum amount required thereunder, equals at least one hundred percent. An example of a composite portfolio acceptable under this paragraph (a)(1)(v)(C) would consist of $1,000,000 in securities and other property (50% of paragraph (a)(1)(v)(A)) and $100,000 in exchange-specified initial margin and option premiums (50% of paragraph (a)(1)(v) (B)).(vi) United States means the United States, its states, territories or possessions, or an enclave of the United States government, its agencies or instrumentality.

(2) Persons who do not need to satisfy the Portfolio Requirement to be qualified eligible persons. Qualified eligible person means any person, acting for its own account or for the account of a qualified eligible person, who the commodity pool operator reasonably believes, at the time of the sale to that person of a pool participation in the exempt pool, or who the commodity trading advisor reasonably believes, at the time that person opens an exempt account, is:
(i) A futures commission merchant registered pursuant to section 4d of the Act, or a principal thereof;
(ii) A broker or dealer registered pursuant to section 15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or a principal thereof;

(iii) A commodity pool operator registered pursuant to section 4m of the Act, or a principal thereof; Provided, That the pool operator:

(A) Has been registered and active as such for two years; or

(B) Operates pools which, in the aggregate, have total assets in excess of $5,000,000;

(iv) A commodity trading advisor registered pursuant to section 4m of the Act, or a principal thereof; Provided, That the trading advisor:
(A) Has been registered and active as such for two years; or
(B) Provides commodity interest trading advice to commodity accounts which, in the aggregate, have total assets in excess of $5,000,000 deposited at one or more futures commission merchants;

(v) An investment adviser registered pursuant to section 203 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (“Investment Advisers Act”) or pursuant to the laws of any state, or a principal thereof; Provided, That the investment adviser:
(A) Has been registered and active as such for two years; or
(B) Provides securities investment advice to securities accounts which, in the aggregate, have total assets in excess of $5,000,000 deposited at one or more registered securities brokers;
(vi) A “qualified purchaser” as defined in section 2(51)(A) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “Investment Company Act”);
(vii) A “knowledgeable employee” as defined in § 270.3c-5 of this title;
(viii)(A) With respect to an exempt pool:
(1) The commodity pool operator, commodity trading advisor or investment adviser of the exempt pool offered or sold, or an affiliate of any of the foregoing;
(2) A principal of the exempt pool or the commodity pool operator, commodity trading advisor or investment adviser of the exempt pool, or of an affiliate of any of the foregoing;
(3) An employee of the exempt pool or the commodity pool operator, commodity trading advisor or investment adviser of the exempt pool, or of an affiliate of any of the foregoing (other than an employee performing solely clerical, secretarial or administrative functions with regard to such person or its investments) who, in connection with his or her regular functions or duties, participates in the investment activities of the exempt pool, other commodity pools operated by the pool operator of the exempt pool or other accounts advised by the trading advisor or the investment adviser of the exempt pool, or by the affiliate; Provided, That such employee has been performing such functions and duties for or on behalf of the exempt pool, pool operator, trading advisor, investment adviser or affiliate, or substantially similar functions or duties for or on behalf of another person engaged in providing commodity interest, securities or other financial services, for at least 12 months;
(4) Any other employee of, or an agent engaged to perform legal, accounting, auditing or other financial services for, the exempt pool or the commodity pool operator, commodity trading advisor or investment adviser of the exempt pool, or any other employee of, or agent so engaged by, an affiliate of any of the foregoing (other than an employee or agent performing solely clerical, secretarial or administrative functions with regard to such person or its investments); Provided, That such employee or agent:
(i) Is an accredited investor as defined in § 230.501(a)(5) or (6) of this title; and
(ii) Has been employed or engaged by the exempt pool, commodity pool operator, commodity trading advisor, investment adviser or affiliate, or by another person engaged in providing commodity interest, securities or other financial services, for at least 24 months;
(5) The spouse, child, sibling or parent of a person who satisfies the criteria of paragraph (a)(2)(viii)(A)(1), (2), (3) or (4) of this section; Provided, That:
(i) An investment in the exempt pool by any such family member is made with the knowledge and at the direction of the person; and
(ii) The family member is not a qualified eligible person for the purposes of paragraph (a)(3)(xi) of this section;
(6)(i) Any person who acquires a participation in the exempt pool by gift, bequest or pursuant to an agreement relating to a legal separation or divorce from a person listed in paragraph (a)(2)(viii)(A)(1), (2), (3), (4) or (5) of this section;
(ii) The estate of any person listed in paragraph (a)(2)(viii)(A)(1), (2), (3), (4) or (5) of this section; or

(iii) A company established by any person listed in paragraph (a)(2)(viii)(A)(1), (2), (3), (4) or (5) of this section exclusively for the benefit of (or owned exclusively by) that person and any person listed in paragraph (a)(2)(viii)(A)(6)(i) or (ii) of this section;
(B) With respect to an exempt account:
(1) An affiliate of the commodity trading advisor of the exempt account;
(2) A principal of the commodity trading advisor of the exempt account or of an affiliate of the trading advisor;
(3) An employee of the commodity trading advisor of the exempt account or of an affiliate of the trading advisor (other than an employee performing solely clerical, secretarial or administrative functions with regard to such person or its investments) who, in connection with his or her regular functions or duties, participates in the investment activities of the trading advisor or the affiliate; Provided, That such employee has been performing such functions and duties for or on behalf of the trading advisor or the affiliate, or substantially similar functions or duties for or on behalf of another person engaged in providing commodity interest, securities or other financial services, for at least 12 months;
(4) Any other employee of, or an agent engaged to perform legal, accounting, auditing or other financial services for, the commodity trading advisor of the exempt account or any other employee of, or agent so engaged by, an affiliate of the trading advisor (other than an employee or agent performing solely clerical, secretarial or administrative functions with regard to such person or its investments); Provided, That such employee or agent:
(i) Is an accredited investor as defined in § 230.501(a)(5) or (a)(6) of this title; and
(ii) Has been employed or engaged by the commodity trading advisor or the affiliate, or by another person engaged in providing commodity interest, securities or other financial services, for at least 24 months; or
(5) The spouse, child, sibling or parent of the commodity trading advisor of the exempt account or of a person who satisfies the criteria of paragraph (a)(2)(viii)(B)(1), (2), (3) or (4) of this section; Provided, That:
(i) The establishment of an exempt account by any such family member is made with the knowledge and at the direction of the person; and
(ii) The family member is not a qualified eligible person for the purposes of paragraph (a)(3)(xi) of this section;
(6)(i) Any person who acquires an interest in an exempt account by gift, bequest or pursuant to an agreement relating to a legal separation or divorce from a person listed in paragraph (a)(2)(viii)(B)(1), (2), (3), (4) or (5) of this section;
(ii) The estate of any person listed in paragraph (a)(2)(viii)(B)(1), (2), (3), (4) or (5) of this section; or
(iii) A company established by any person listed in paragraph (a)(2)(viii)(B)(1), (2), (3), (4) or (5) of this section exclusively for the benefit of (or owned exclusively by) that person and any person listed in paragraph (a)(2)(viii)(B)(6)(i) or (ii) of this section;
(ix) A trust; Provided, That:
(A) The trust was not formed for the specific purpose of either participating in the exempt pool or opening an exempt account; and
(B) The trustee or other person authorized to make investment decisions with respect to the trust, and each settlor or other person who has contributed assets to the trust, is a qualified eligible person;

(x) An organization described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code (the “IRC”); Provided, That the trustee or other person authorized to make investment decisions with respect to the organization, and the person who has established the organization, is a qualified eligible person;
(xi) A Non-United States person;
(xii)(A) An entity in which all of the unit owners or participants, other than the commodity trading advisor claiming relief under this section, are qualified eligible persons;
(B) An exempt pool; or

(C) Notwithstanding paragraph (a)(3) of this section, an entity as to which a notice of eligibility has been filed pursuant to § 4.5 which is operated in accordance with such rule and in which all unit owners or participants, other than the commodity trading advisor claiming relief under this section, are qualified eligible persons.
(3) Persons who must satisfy the Portfolio Requirement to be qualified eligible persons. Qualified eligible person means any person who the commodity pool operator reasonably believes, at the time of the sale to that person of a pool participation in the exempt pool, or any person who the commodity trading advisor reasonably believes, at the time that person opens an exempt account, satisfies the Portfolio Requirement and is:
(i) An investment company registered under the Investment Company Act or a business development company as defined in section 2(a)(48) of such Act not formed for the specific purpose of either investing in the exempt pool or opening an exempt account;
(ii) A bank as defined in section 3(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”) or any savings and loan association or other institution as defined in section 3(a)(5)(A) of the Securities Act acting for its own account or for the account of a qualified eligible person;
(iii) An insurance company as defined in section 2(13) of the Securities Act acting for its own account or for the account of a qualified eligible person;
(iv) A plan established and maintained by a state, its political subdivisions, or any agency or instrumentality of a state or its political subdivisions, for the benefit of its employees, if such plan has total assets in excess of $5,000,000;

(v) An employee benefit plan within the meaning of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974; Provided, That the investment decision is made by a plan fiduciary, as defined in section 3(21) of such Act, which is a bank, savings and loan association, insurance company, or registered investment adviser; or that the employee benefit plan has total assets in excess of $5,000,000; or, if the plan is self-directed, that investment decisions are made solely by persons that are qualified eligible persons;
(vi) A private business development company as defined in section 202(a)(22) of the Investment Advisers Act;
(vii) An organization described in section 501(c)(3) of the IRC, with total assets in excess of $5,000,000;
(viii) A corporation, Massachusetts or similar business trust, or partnership, other than a pool, which has total assets in excess of $5,000,000, and is not formed for the specific purpose of either participating in the exempt pool or opening an exempt account;
(ix) A natural person whose individual net worth, or joint net worth with that person’s spouse, at the time of either his purchase in the exempt pool or his opening of an exempt account exceeds $1,000,000;
(x) A natural person who had an individual income in excess of $200,000 in each of the two most recent years or joint income with that person’s spouse in excess of $300,000 in each of those years and has a reasonable expectation of reaching the same income level in the current year;
(xi) A pool, trust, insurance company separate account or bank collective trust, with total assets in excess of $5,000,000, not formed for the specific purpose of either participating in the exempt pool or opening an exempt account, and whose participation in the exempt pool or investment in the exempt account is directed by a qualified eligible person; or
(xii) Except as provided for the governmental entities referenced in paragraph (a)(3)(iv) of this section, if otherwise authorized by law to engage in such transactions, a governmental entity (including the United States, a state, or a foreign government) or political subdivision thereof, or a multinational or supranational entity or an instrumentality, agency, or department of any of the foregoing.
(b) Relief available to commodity pool operators. Upon filing the notice required by paragraph (d) of this section, and subject to compliance with the conditions specified in paragraph (d) of this section, any registered commodity pool operator who offers or sells participations in a pool solely to qualified eligible persons in an offering which qualifies for exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act pursuant to section 4(2) of that Act or pursuant to Regulation S, 17 CFR 230.901 et seq., and any bank registered as a commodity pool operator in connection with a pool that is a collective trust fund whose securities are exempt from registration under the Securities Act pursuant to section 3(a)(2) of that Act and are offered or sold, without marketing to the public, solely to qualified eligible persons, may claim any or all of the following relief with respect to such pool:
(1) Disclosure relief. (i) Exemption from the specific requirements of §§ 4.21, 4.24, 4.25 and 4.26 with respect to each exempt pool; Provided, That if an offering memorandum is distributed in connection with soliciting prospective participants in the exempt pool, such offering memorandum must include all disclosures necessary to make the information contained therein, in the context in which it is furnished, not misleading; and that the following statement is prominently disclosed on the cover page of the offering memorandum, or, if none is provided, immediately above the signature line on the subscription agreement or other document that the prospective participant must execute to become a participant in the pool:

“PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM THE COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION IN CONNECTION WITH POOLS WHOSE PARTICIPANTS ARE LIMITED TO QUALIFIED ELIGIBLE PERSONS, AN OFFERING MEMORANDUM FOR THIS POOL IS NOT REQUIRED TO BE, AND HAS NOT BEEN, FILED WITH THE COMMISSION. THE COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION DOES NOT PASS UPON THE MERITS OF PARTICIPATING IN A POOL OR UPON THE ADEQUACY OR ACCURACY OF AN OFFERING MEMORANDUM. CONSEQUENTLY, THE COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION HAS NOT REVIEWED OR APPROVED THIS OFFERING OR ANY OFFERING MEMORANDUM FOR THIS POOL.”
(ii) Exemption from disclosing the past performance of exempt pools in the Disclosure Document of non-exempt pools except to the extent that such past performance is material to the non-exempt pool being offered; Provided, That a pool operator that has claimed exemption hereunder and elects not to disclose any such performance in the Disclosure Document of non-exempt pools shall state in a footnote to the performance disclosure therein that the operator is operating or has operated exempt pools whose performance is not disclosed in this Disclosure Document.
(2) Periodic reporting relief. Exemption from the specific requirements of §§ 4.22(a) and (b); Provided, That a statement signed and affirmed in accordance with § 4.22(h) is prepared and distributed to pool participants no less frequently than quarterly within 30 calendar days after the end of the reporting period. This statement must indicate:
(i) The net asset value of the exempt pool as of the end of the reporting period;
(ii) The change in net asset value from the end of the previous reporting period; and
(iii) The net asset value per outstanding unit of participation in the exempt pool as of the end of the reporting period.
(3) Annual report relief. (i) Exemption from the specific requirements of §§ 4.22(c) and (d); Provided, That within 90 calendar days after the end of the exempt pool’s fiscal year, the commodity pool operator files with the Commission and with the National Futures Association and distributes to each participant in lieu of the financial information and statements specified by those sections, an annual report for the exempt pool, signed and affirmed in accordance with § 4.22(h) which contains, at a minimum:
(A) A Statement of Financial Condition as of the close of the exempt pool’s fiscal year (elected in accordance with § 4.22(g));
(B) A Statement of Income (Loss) for that year; and
(C) Appropriate footnote disclosure and any other material information.
(ii) Such annual report must be presented and computed in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied and, if certified by an independent public accountant, so certified in accordance with § 1.16 as applicable.

(iii) Legend. (A) If a claim for exemption has been made pursuant to this section, the commodity pool operator must make a statement to that effect on the cover page of each annual report.
(B) If the annual report is not certified in accordance with § 1.16, the pool operator must make a statement to that effect on the cover page of each annual report and state that a certified audit will be provided upon the request of the holders of a majority of the units of participation in the pool who are unaffiliated with the commodity pool operator.
(4) Recordkeeping relief. Exemption from the specific requirements of § 4.23; Provided, That the commodity pool operator must maintain the reports referred to in paragraphs (b)(2) and (b)(3) of this section and all books and records prepared in connection with his activities as the pool operator of the exempt pool (including, without limitation, records relating to the qualifications of qualified eligible persons and substantiating any performance representations) at his main business address and must make such books and records available to any representative of the Commission, the National Futures Association and the United States Department of Justice in accordance with the provisions of § 1.31.
(c) Relief available to commodity trading advisors. Upon filing the notice required by paragraph (d) of this section, and subject to compliance with the conditions specified in paragraph (d) of this section, any registered commodity trading advisor who anticipates directing or guiding the commodity interest accounts of qualified eligible persons may claim any or all of the following relief with respect to the accounts of qualified eligible persons who have given due consent to their account being an exempt account under § 4.7:
(1) Disclosure relief. (i) Exemption from the specific requirements of §§ 4.31, 4.34, 4.35 and 4.36; Provided, That if the commodity trading advisor delivers a brochure or other disclosure statement to such qualified eligible persons, such brochure or statement shall include all additional disclosures necessary to make the information contained therein, in the context in which it is furnished, not misleading; and that the following statement is prominently displayed on the cover page of the brochure or statement or, if none is provided, immediately above the signature line of the agreement that the client must execute before it opens an account with the commodity trading advisor:

“PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM THE COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION IN CONNECTION WITH ACCOUNTS OF QUALIFIED ELIGIBLE PERSONS, THIS BROCHURE OR ACCOUNT DOCUMENT IS NOT REQUIRED TO BE, AND HAS NOT BEEN, FILED WITH THE COMMISSION. THE COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION DOES NOT PASS UPON THE MERITS OF PARTICIPATING IN A TRADING PROGRAM OR UPON THE ADEQUACY OR ACCURACY OF COMMODITY TRADING ADVISOR DISCLOSURE. CONSEQUENTLY, THE COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION HAS NOT REVIEWED OR APPROVED THIS TRADING PROGRAM OR THIS BROCHURE OR ACCOUNT DOCUMENT.”
(ii) Exemption from disclosing the past performance of exempt accounts in the Disclosure Document for non-exempt accounts except to the extent that such past performance is material to the non-exempt account being offered; Provided, That a commodity trading advisor that has claimed exemption hereunder and elects not to disclose any such performance in the Disclosure Document for non-exempt accounts shall state in a footnote to the performance disclosure therein that the advisor is advising or has advised exempt accounts for qualified eligible persons whose performance is not disclosed in this Disclosure Document.
(2) Recordkeeping relief. Exemption from the specific requirements of § 4.33; Provided, That the commodity trading advisor must maintain, at its main business office, all books and records prepared in connection with his activities as the commodity trading advisor of qualified eligible persons (including, without limitation, records relating to the qualifications of such qualified eligible persons and substantiating any performance representations) and must make such books and records available to any representative of the Commission, the National Futures Association and the United States Department of Justice in accordance with the provisions of § 1.31.

(d) Notice of claim for exemption. (1) A notice of a claim for exemption under this section must:
(i) Be in writing;
(ii) Provide the name, main business address, main business telephone number and the National Futures Association commodity pool operator or commodity trading advisor identification number of the person claiming the exemption;

(iii)(A) Where the claimant is a commodity pool operator, provide the name(s) of the pool(s) for which the request is made; Provided, That a single notice representing that the pool operator anticipates operating single-investor pools may be filed to claim exemption for single-investor pools and such notice need not name each such pool;
(B) Where the claimant is a commodity trading advisor, contain a representation that the trading advisor anticipates providing commodity interest trading advice to qualified eligible persons;
(iv) Contain representations that:
(A) Neither the commodity pool operator or commodity trading advisor nor any of its principals is subject to any statutory disqualification under section 8a(2) or 8a(3) of the Act unless such disqualification arises from a matter which was previously disclosed in connection with a previous application for registration if such registration was granted or which was disclosed more than thirty days prior to the filing of the notice under this paragraph (d);
(B) The commodity pool operator or commodity trading advisor will comply with the applicable requirements of § 4.7; and
(C) Where the claimant is a commodity pool operator, that the exempt pool will be offered and operated in compliance with the applicable requirements of § 4.7;
(v) Specify the relief claimed under § 4.7;
(vi) Where the claimant is a commodity pool operator, state the closing date of the offering or that the offering will be continuous;
(vii) Be signed by the commodity pool operator or commodity trading advisor as follows: If it is a sole proprietorship, by the sole proprietor; if a partnership, by a general partner; and if a corporation, by the chief executive officer or chief financial officer;
(viii) Be filed in duplicate with the Commission at the address specified in § 4.2 and with the National Futures Association at its headquarters office (Attn: Director of Compliance, Compliance Department); and
(ix)(A)(1) Where the claimant is a commodity pool operator, except as provided in paragraph (d)(1)(iii)(A) of this section with respect to single-investor pools and in paragraph (d)(1)(ix)(A)(2) of this section, be received by the Commission:
(i) Before the date the pool first enters into a commodity interest transaction, if the relief claimed is limited to that provided under paragraphs (b)(2), (3) and (4) of this section; or
(ii) Prior to any offer or sale of any participation in the exempt pool if the claimed relief includes that provided under paragraph (b)(1) of this section.
(2) Where participations in a pool have been offered or sold in full compliance with Part 4, the notice of a claim for exemption may be filed with the Commission at any time; Provided, That the claim for exemption is otherwise consistent with the duties of the commodity pool operator and the rights of pool participants and that the commodity pool operator notifies the pool participants of his intention, absent objection by the holders of a majority of the units of participation in the pool who are unaffiliated with the commodity pool operator within twenty-one days after the date of the notification, to file a notice of claim for exemption under § 4.7 and such holders have not objected within such period. A commodity pool operator filing a notice under this paragraph (d)(1)(ix)(A)(2) shall either provide disclosure and reporting in accordance with the requirements of Part 4 to those participants objecting to the filing of such notice or allow such participants to redeem their units of participation in the pool within three months of the filing of such notice.

(B) Where the claimant is a commodity trading advisor, be received by the Commission before the date the trading advisor first enters into an agreement to direct or guide the commodity interest account of a qualified eligible person pursuant to § 4.7.

(2) The notice will be effective upon receipt by the Commission with respect to each pool for which it was made where the claimant is a commodity pool operator and otherwise generally where the claimant is a commodity trading advisor; Provided, That any notice which does not include all the required information shall not be effective, and that if at the time the Commission receives the notice, an enforcement proceeding brought by the Commission under the Act or the regulations is pending against the pool operator or trading advisor or any of its principals, the exemption will not be effective until twenty-one calendar days after receipt of the notice by the Commission and that in such case an exemption may be denied by the Commission or made subject to such conditions as the Commission may impose.
(3) Any exemption claimed hereunder shall cease to be effective upon any change which would cause the commodity pool operator of an exempt pool to be ineligible for the relief claimed with respect to such pool or which would cause a commodity trading advisor to be ineligible for the relief claimed. The pool operator or trading advisor must promptly file a notice advising the Commission of such change.
(4)(i) Any exemption from the requirements of § 4.21, 4.22, 4.23, 4.24, 4.25 or 4.26 claimed hereunder with respect to a pool shall not affect the obligation of the commodity pool operator to comply with all other applicable provisions of Part 4, the Act and the Commission’s rules and regulations, with respect to the pool and any other pool the pool operator operates or intends to operate.
(ii) Any exemption from the requirements of § 4.31, 4.33, 4.34, 4.35 or 4.36 claimed hereunder shall not affect the obligation of the commodity trading advisor to comply with all other applicable provisions of Part 4, the Act and the Commission’s rules and regulations, with respect to any qualified eligible person and any other client to which the commodity trading advisor provides or intends to provide commodity interest trading advice.
(e) Insignificant deviations from a term, condition or requirement of § 4.7. (1) A failure to comply with a term or condition of § 4.7 will not result in the loss of the exemption with respect to a particular pool or client if the commodity pool operator or the commodity trading advisor relying on the exemption shows that:
(i) The failure to comply did not pertain to a term, condition or requirement directly intended to protect that particular qualified eligible person;
(ii) The failure to comply was insignificant with respect to the exempt pool as a whole or to the particular exempt account; and
(iii) A good faith and reasonable attempt was made to comply with all applicable terms, conditions and requirements of § 4.7.
(2) A transaction made in reliance on § 4.7 must comply with all applicable terms, conditions and requirements of § 4.7. Where an exemption is established only through reliance upon paragraph (e)(1) of this section, the failure to comply shall nonetheless be actionable by the Commission.
[65 FR 47854, Aug. 4, 2000]

CFTC RISK DISCLOSURE STATEMENT

 

FX-C

Performance Summary  January 2007 – July 2021

Due to poor performance collar trades have been suspended, outright positions will be maintained pending client instructions for liquidation or reallocation, please contact us with instructions as soon as possible.

Recommended Starting Balance $100,000.00
Cumulative Net Profit
$971,699.55
Maximum Drawdown (25.54%)
($31,777.62)
Best Year 2008 +172.99% $172,574.01
Worst Year 2019 +11.15% $11,154.63
2007-2020 Average +66.63% $66,630.83
2021  (31.78%)
($31,777.62)

Performance is based on trading one $100,000 unit, never adding units and withdrawing all net profits annually. This program has a realistic risk factor of $35,000 USD per unit, if you are not in a position to comfortably assume this risk you should not participate in this program.

Risk Disclosure       Defining Account Risk

Program Structure 

Automated Trading Accounts (ATA)
The Fee Structure For This Program
Defining Overall Risk For Your Account

How Balances Are Guaranteed Plus or Minus Trading
Exchanges Traded

Brokerage Firms
How To Open An Account

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Peter Knight Advisor

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Peter Knight

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Collars and Deltas

A collar is composed of  an outright position, a out-of-the-money option write at your profit objective collecting time premium and a purchased out-of-the-money option to define your risk, with both the written and purchased option having the same expiration (see Figure 1, below). For example

105 call write, collect 2
100 long position
95 put purchase, pay 2

The collar’s long put acts as a hedge for the long position, and the short call finances the long put. The short call also caps the potential profit of the long position. The collar’s max loss occurs if the position price is below the strike price of the long put at expiration. The max profit occurs if the position’s price is at or above the strike price of the short call at expiration.

Screenshot_20

FIGURE 1: Dynamic Collar. When you put on a collar, you’re buying long stock, shorting
an out-of-the-money call, and buying an out-of-the-money put. Costs can add up. For
illustrative purposes only.

Traditionally, you might place a collar over your long stock, and let it go to expiration without adjusting it. But the nature of collars gives them flexibility, not only when putting them on, but also after time passes and the stock price moves. In fact, larger investment managers use this flexibility to build a bigger stock position by using a strategy known as the “dynamic collar.”

Delta Is More Than Change

Technically, the collar is a bullish strategy that has positive deltas—meaning it benefits from the long stock moving higher. But where do those deltas come from?

The long stock has 100 positive deltas for each 100 shares. Both the long put and short calls have negative deltas, but how much depends on their strikes. The further OTM the long put or short call, the fewer negative deltas they have, and so the more positive deltas the collar has. If the long put and short calls are closer to the current stock price, they have larger negative deltas, and offset more of the long stock’s positive deltas.

Let’s say the stock price is $50, the 52-strike calls have a 0.40 delta, and the 48-strike puts have a -0.40 delta. A collar with those calls and puts has +20 deltas. Why?

One hundred shares of stock = +100 deltas
The short 52 calls = -40 deltas
The long 48 puts = -40 deltas.

100 + -40 + -40 = +20

Now, suppose the 55-strike calls have a 0.20 delta, and the 45-strike puts have a 0.25 delta. A collar with those calls and puts would have +55 deltas (-20 + -25 + 100). That’s why choosing the strikes for the calls and puts determines how bullish you want the strategy to be. But it also means the delta of the collared stock position can change if the stock price moves down toward the long put strike, or up toward the short call strike.

In the collar example with the 48 put and 52 call, if the stock moves from $50 down to $48, let’s assume the 48 put now has a -0.50 delta and the 52 call now has a 0.15 delta. That would take the delta of the collar from +20 to +15.

Now, let’s say the stock moves from $50 to $54. Let’s further assume the 48 put has a -0.10 delta and the 52 call has an 0.80 delta. That would take the delta of the collar from +20 to +10.

These numbers are hypothetical, but they illustrate that when the stock price nears either strike, or moves beyond them, the delta of the collar becomes less positive. When the stock price is between the strikes, the delta of the collar becomes more positive. It’s that changing delta that can make the collar “dynamic.”

Think Collars, Think Flexible

The dynamic collar originated with institutional investors and money managers who were looking to establish large positions in a stock over time, but wanted a hedge against market corrections.

Let’s start a new hypothetical with, say, buying 1,000 shares of stock, buying 10 out-of-the-money (OTM) puts as a hedge, then selling 10 OTM calls to off-set the cost of the puts. If the price of the stock drops, the long puts and short calls should theoretically be profitable because the have negative delta.

Assume you sell the long puts, buy back the short calls, and use the profit to buy more shares of the stock. Suppose that’s enough to buy 100 more shares. That would make the stock position 1,100 shares, so you would now buy 11 new OTM puts and sell 11 new OTM calls. The larger position could create more positive deltas. So, you’re get- ting longer deltas (i.e., buying more stock) after the price drops, but still retaining the hedge.

Now, when the stock price drops, it doesn’t mean the whole dynamic collar is profitable. But that’s not the point. Remember, the collar is, after all, a bullish strategy. And you’re building a position in the stock based on the dynamic fluctuation in the stock price. The loss on the long stock is usually greater than the profit on the long OTM put and short OTM call. To build your position, the idea is to establish a larger delta position in the stock at the lower price via the dynamic collar.

If the stock rallies, the collar could have an overall profit if the long stock has a higher profit than the losses on the long put and short call. In that case, you could take the profit and move on to the next trade, or “roll” the long put into a higher strike closer to the new stock price, and the short call to a higher strike further from the new stock price. This allows you to capture some prof- it without exiting the position, and begin a new collar at the higher stock price.

Rolling usually costs money, so this could cut into some of the long stock’s profit. But it could help you maintain roughly the same delta as when the collar was established, if you continue to be bullish on the stock.

Deep Pockets Help

The dynamic collar gets more positive deltas in two ways with a lower stock price.

First, the options’ deltas and stock combine to give the collar a lower positive delta when the stock price drops closer to the OTM put. Second, you can increase the position size with the options’ profit, or available capital. If the stock price keeps dropping, the dynamic collar could be losing less money on bigger positions compared to unprotected stock. That’s why the strategy is often employed by money managers with the capital to withstand large losses on long-term investments.

In exchange for the risk of expanding losses, the dynamic collar can be more prof- itable if the stock price rallies back. Because the strategy often creates more positive deltas as the stock rallies, the strategy could possibly break even, or be profitable, with a smaller rally in the stock price. Be sure to keep careful records as you track all the adjustments to a dynamic collar. Make sure you know the new breakeven stock price for the strategy after all adjustments are in place.

Mirror Images

You might notice that the collar is synthetically equivalent to a long call vertical spread. In other words, the long put plus long stock has the same risk profile as a long call with the same strike as the long put. Look at the profit and loss graph below.

Screenshot_21

FIGURE 2: Dynamic Twin. The risk profile of the call vertical spread above is nearly identical
to the collar, and much less capital intensive. For illustrative purposes only.

Because the long put is OTM, that synthetic long call is ITM. Combine the synthetic long ITM call with the short OTM call, and you have a long call vertical. The collar with the long 48 put and short 52 call is synthetically the long 48/52 call vertical. In fact, the collar and the long vertical could have the same max profit and max loss numbers. Also, the collar could have higher commissions than a vertical because the collar is stock plus two options, while the vertical is just two options.

So why don’t investment managers just buy call verticals if they’re synthetically the same as collars? Simple: voting rights. Owning stock shares gives you a voice in a company’s business such as board elections, mergers and acquisitions, and stock splits. Options, on the other hand, don’t confer voting rights. Because the collar strategy is built around owning shares, the manager preserves voting rights.

The dynamic collar strategy can also rack up commissions because of increased trade frequency and increased position size. If you employ the strategy, make sure the potential profits are large enough to cover commissions.

Are Dynamic Collars For You?

What if you don’t buy 1,000 shares of stock? Maybe 100 shares are more appropriate for your account. Do dynamic collars still make sense?

In a scenario where the stock price drops and the profit from a long put and short call is used to buy more shares, the profit might not be enough to buy 100 shares. Although it’s possible to trade odd lots of stock, there could be a mismatch between the options’ contract size and the number of shares.

For example, if the collar profits composed of 100 stock shares, long one put, and short one call are enough to buy 10 shares of stock, the position will have 110 shares. But each stock option has a contract size of 100 shares. There aren’t standard equity options with a contract size of 110 shares. One long put and one short call hedge only 100 shares. But two long puts and two short calls might be too much of a hedge.

Sometimes Fake Is More

If the collar is too rich of an investment for your capital, you might be better off with the collar’s synthetic equivalent, the long call vertical spread mentioned on page 23 (Figure 2, above). However, in the absence of long stock, the way to make it dynamic is with deltas. How many positive deltas does the long call vertical have, and how many deltas do you want when the stock price drops?

Using our 48/52 collar example with the stock at $50, the synthetically equivalent call vertical would simply be long one 48 call and short one 52 call, with a delta of +20. No stock and no put here.

Now, suppose the stock price drops to $48, and the 48/52 call vertical has lost $40. Our collar would also lose the same $40, but that would be made up of a $200 loss on the stock and a $160 profit on the long 48 put and short 52 call. Once the collar is closed, you could use the $160 to buy three and one-third shares of stock at $48 (not subtracting transaction costs). But instead of buying three shares, the long call vertical could in- crease its deltas by a little over 3.3%, which is the equivalent of adding three and one-third shares to a 100-share position.

Further, if the delta of the 48/52 call vertical is +35 when the stock is $48, making it a “dynamic vertical” could increase the delta by 3.3% to +36.2. You might do that by rolling the short 52 call up to the 53 strike, or even roll the long 48 call to a further expiration depending on those options’ deltas.

That said, adjusting the position for 0.01 deltas is tough, and you may want to wait for a larger theoretical profit before you adjust. And like the dynamic collar, trading long verticals in this way can result in high commission charges.

You could also tweak the vertical strike to make it even more dynamic than the collar. Selling an OTM call in a closer expiration against an ITM call in a further expiration is still a hedged position. But the short front-month call theoretically decays faster than a further expiration call, all things being equal.

And that’s how some pros build a bigger position without spending extra capital using dynamic collars. Though the strategy requires a fundamental grasp of delta that may seem complex at first, it’s worth taking a close look at a strategy the pros have been running with for years.

If you’d like to review this and/or other programs/markets schedule an online review using this link, we’ll answers your questions and provide you with all supporting links for additional information and/or  verification.

Regards,
Peter Knight Advisor
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